Iron Generative · 2025
AI Sampling Singapore Housing Architecture
by Immanuel Koh
- A' Design Award 2025 in Generative
- CLIENT: Immanuel Koh
- Estimated Number of Design Views: 60,000
- Verification code C83C4A52C0 · Verify this award
Colors
About AI Sampling Singapore Housing Architecture
Singapore is an artificial city. Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks.
About the A' Design Award
AI Sampling Singapore Housing Architecture is an Iron A' Design Award winner, a prestigious recognition granted to good designs that meet the professional and industrial requirements expected from well-designed creations. Iron winners demonstrate great skill, high specialization, expert understanding, and creative capacity of their creators. AI Sampling Singapore Housing Architecture is expected to be a highly regarded, admired, and cherished creation that is practical and innovative. This Iron A' Design Award-winning design integrates industry best practices and has competent technical characteristics linked with know-how and talent. AI Sampling Singapore Housing Architecture is respected for its thoroughness and is designed to provide quality of life improvements that help make the world a better place.
Press Kit
- Unique Properties
- Is it possible to sample at scale and at high-resolution every single building ever built in a country? If so, can such a dataset be used to train an AI model in generating new yet locally compliant buildings without any explicit regulatory control inputs? The project explores the design agency of deep generative neural networks in learning three-dimensional exteriority and interiority with a redesigned 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model. Winner of WAFX2024, IDA2024 and BLT2024.
- Dimensions & Packaging
- This is a digital AI x Architecture project. Each generated output is a new high-rise high-density residential public housing of up to 30 floors.
- Tags
- AI
- Production Technology
- A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
- Design Challenge
- The non-existence of 3D models and their corresponding floor plans was the first challenge. New workflow and tools had to be developed to not only collect (i.e., digitally and physically), but create (annotate) and curate (i.e., exploratory data analysis) such high quality dataset to train an AI model from scratch. Technically difficult due to the scalability of similar CAD representation which was overcome via a novel AI latent representation of 3D.
- Research
- A custom generative AI model was trained from scratch using proprietary code base and dataset. Specifically, a 3D generative adversarial network (3D-GAN) AI model was trained to learn semantic and spatial configuration of high-rise high-density residential public housing in Singapore.
- Inspiration
- Singapore is an artificial city! Trained with a large dataset of 3D digital models of high-rise buildings found in Singapore, the custom-designed AI model generates not only formally plausible and semantically coherent configurations, but begins to also imagine novel and uncanny architectural forms, interpolating and extrapolating among standard high-rise housing typologies such as the slab, point, and cluster blocks. Project exhibited at Venice Architecture Biennale and Singapore's Arts House.
- Project Duration
- This is an on-going and longer-term AI x Architecture research being conducted at the university design lab since 2021. It was however only published much later as an official architectural design award entry from 2024 onwards.
- Operation Flow
- This is a digital AI x Architecture generative research project, while the dataset was digitally collected from existing physical buildings in Singapore.
- Patents
- Currently no patent.
- Image Credits
- All credits: Artificial-Architecture